CNC Programming Reference

G-Code Quick Reference

Searchable index of CNC G-codes and M-codes with descriptions, modal groups, and usage examples. Covers Fanuc, Haas, Siemens, and LinuxCNC.

G00Group 01

Rapid Positioning

Move at maximum traverse speed to target coordinates. No cutting.

G01Group 01

Linear Interpolation

Cut in a straight line at programmed feed rate.

G02Group 01

Circular Interpolation CW

Clockwise arc cut. Requires end point + radius (R) or center offsets (I, J, K).

G03Group 01

Circular Interpolation CCW

Counter-clockwise arc cut. Same parameters as G02.

G04Group 00

Dwell

Pause for specified time (P in ms or seconds). Non-modal.

G09Group 00

Exact Stop

Decelerate to exact stop at end of block. Non-modal.

G81Group 09

Drill Cycle

Rapid to R-plane, feed to Z depth, rapid out. Simple drilling.

G82Group 09

Drill Cycle with Dwell

Like G81 but pauses at bottom (P) for chip breaking. For spot drilling.

G83Group 09

Peck Drilling Cycle

Deep hole drilling with peck retraction to R-plane. Q = peck depth.

G84Group 09

Tapping Cycle

Rigid tapping: feed down, reverse spindle, feed out. Synchronized.

G85Group 09

Boring Cycle

Boring with feed out. Smooth bore finish.

G86Group 09

Boring with Stop

Boring: stop spindle at bottom, rapid retract. For rough boring.

G73Group 09

High-Speed Peck

Peck drilling with small retraction (Q-delta). Faster than G83.

G80Group 09

Cancel Canned Cycle

Cancel any active canned cycle. Return to normal motion.

G17Group 02

XY Plane Selection

Select XY plane for circular interpolation and cutter comp.

G18Group 02

ZX Plane Selection

Select ZX plane.

G19Group 02

YZ Plane Selection

Select YZ plane.

G40Group 07

Cancel Cutter Comp

Cancel cutter radius compensation.

G41Group 07

Cutter Comp Left

Compensate cutter radius to left of tool path (climb milling).

G42Group 07

Cutter Comp Right

Compensate cutter radius to right of tool path (conventional milling).

G43Group 08

Tool Length Comp +

Apply tool length offset in positive direction. H = tool offset register.

G44Group 08

Tool Length Comp -

Apply tool length offset in negative direction. Rarely used.

G49Group 08

Cancel Tool Length Comp

Cancel tool length compensation.

G20Group 06

Inch Mode

All coordinates and feeds in inches. IPM for feed.

G21Group 06

Metric Mode

All coordinates and feeds in millimeters. mm/min for feed.

G94Group 05

Feed per Minute

Feed rate in units per minute (mm/min or in/min).

G95Group 05

Feed per Revolution

Feed rate in units per revolution (mm/rev or in/rev).

G96Group 13

Constant Surface Speed

Maintain constant surface speed (m/min or ft/min). Spindle adjusts RPM with diameter.

G97Group 13

RPM Mode

Spindle speed in direct RPM. Default mode.

G90Group 03

Absolute Positioning

All coordinates relative to program zero (work offset).

G91Group 03

Incremental Positioning

All coordinates relative to current tool position.

G28Group 00

Return to Home

Rapid to machine home via intermediate point.

G30Group 00

Return to 2nd Home

Rapid to secondary home position (tool changer).

G54Group 14

Work Offset 1

Select work coordinate system 1.

G55Group 14

Work Offset 2

Select work coordinate system 2.

G56Group 14

Work Offset 3

Select work coordinate system 3.

G57Group 14

Work Offset 4

Select work coordinate system 4.

G58Group 14

Work Offset 5

Select work coordinate system 5.

G59Group 14

Work Offset 6

Select work coordinate system 6.

M00Non-modal

Program Stop

Stop spindle, coolant, and motion. Operator must press cycle start to resume.

M01Non-modal

Optional Stop

Stop only if optional stop switch is on. Useful for inspection.

M02Non-modal

Program End

End program. No rewind. Reset to beginning.

M03Non-modal

Spindle CW

Start spindle clockwise (forward). S = RPM.

M04Non-modal

Spindle CCW

Start spindle counter-clockwise (reverse).

M05Non-modal

Spindle Stop

Stop spindle rotation.

M06Non-modal

Tool Change

Execute tool change. T = tool number.

M07Non-modal

Mist Coolant On

Turn on mist coolant.

M08Non-modal

Flood Coolant On

Turn on flood coolant.

M09Non-modal

Coolant Off

Turn off all coolant.

M19Non-modal

Spindle Orient

Orient spindle to fixed angle for rigid tapping or tool change.

M30Non-modal

Program End + Rewind

End program and rewind to beginning. Reset all modal codes.

M98Non-modal

Subprogram Call

Call subprogram P####. L = number of repeats.

M99Non-modal

Subprogram Return

Return from subprogram to calling program.

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Engineering Methodology & Design Standards: G-Code Quick Reference

Discipline: CNC Machining, Sheet Metal Fabrication & Dimensional Metrology

Verified Analytical Formulation

Governing Mathematical Formulation

In professional CNC Machining, Sheet Metal Fabrication & Dimensional Metrology workflows, accurate sizing and performance verification require consistent unit normalization and adherence to closed-form analytical mechanics. This G-Code Quick Reference utility implements the standardized engineering formulation:

Standardized parametric evaluation for G-Code Quick Reference

Searchable index of common CNC G-codes and M-codes with descriptions, modal groups, and usage examples. Fanuc, Haas, Siemens, LinuxCNC. Every input change triggers an instant client-side recalculation across all coupled dependent variables, enabling rapid sensitivity analysis during preliminary and detailed CAD design phases.

Applicable Codes, Standards & CAD Integration

Primary Reference Standards & Codes

ISO 286-1 / ASME B4.1 (Limits and Fits), ASME Y14.5-2018 / ISO 1101 (GD&T), DIN 6935 (Sheet Metal Cold Bending), ISO 2768 (General Tolerances)

CAD / CAE / BIM Implementation Guidance

Synchronize sheet metal K-factors, tool radius compensation registers (G41/G42), and GD&T datum reference frames between your 3D CAD master model, CAM post-processor, and CMM inspection plan.

Engineering Verification Note: Analytical models assume homogeneous material behavior, steady-state boundary loading, and consistent dimensional units. Always apply appropriate service factors, corrosion allowances, or load and resistance factor design (LRFD / ASD) safety margins required by your governing code.

Frequently Asked Engineering Questions

Technical reference & verification guidelines for G-Code Quick Reference

What governing equation and methodology does the G-Code Quick Reference use?

The G-Code Quick Reference evaluates searchable index of common cnc g-codes and m-codes with descriptions, modal groups, and usage examples. fanuc, haas, siemens, linuxcnc within the CNC Machining, Sheet Metal Fabrication & Dimensional Metrology domain using the governing formulation: Standardized parametric evaluation for G-Code Quick Reference. All intermediate quantities are computed in double-precision floating-point arithmetic to prevent cumulative rounding drift before final design verification.

Which international engineering standards apply to G-Code Quick Reference calculations?

Calculations and boundary assumptions in this utility align with recognized industry references including ISO 286-1 / ASME B4.1 (Limits and Fits), ASME Y14.5-2018 / ISO 1101 (GD&T), DIN 6935 (Sheet Metal Cold Bending), ISO 2768 (General Tolerances). When preparing formal calculation packages or P.E. stamp submittals, always verify local jurisdictional code amendments and project-specific safety factors.

How should I integrate results from the G-Code Quick Reference into my CAD or BIM workflow?

Synchronize sheet metal K-factors, tool radius compensation registers (G41/G42), and GD&T datum reference frames between your 3D CAD master model, CAM post-processor, and CMM inspection plan. Using the baseline benchmark (standard nominal boundary parameters for G-Code Quick Reference), the solver yields verified design compliance metrics for G-Code Quick Reference, which can be directly cross-referenced against your parametric 3D assembly constraints, 2D fabrication drawings, or bill of materials (BOM).